Vanadium (Vanadium, V, in the periodic system of chemical elements 23) is a gray-silver transition metal, covered with a multi-colored oxide film in air.
This metal is valued for its lightness (almost 1.5 times lighter than iron), excellent ductility, and the ability to improve significant properties of alloys – strength, impact strength, and wear resistance. In addition, it resists corrosion well, is resistant to sea water and weak solutions of acids, alkalis.
This metal has found application in the following areas of human activity:
• Metallurgy (more than 80% of vanadium is used by this industry), mechanical engineering and tool industry. It is used for alloying metals, producing high-strength cutters and drills, hand tools, motor cylinders, etc.
• Electronics. For the manufacture of semiconductors used in various devices, chemical current sources.
• Manufacture of engines for space technology, aircraft.
• Agricultural industry. It is used as a component of fertilizers, chemicals.
• Manufacture of lithium and vanadium accumulators, batteries.
• Automotive industry. Used to make engine pistons.
• Chemical industry. For inert laboratory glassware, as well as for the production of acids, catalysts, persistent pigments used in the production of varnishes and paints, glass and ceramics, textiles.
Vanadium is also used for the needs of nuclear energy.
